MAZURKA

The mazurka is a ballroom dance originating in Poland, very rhythmic, in 3/4 times, with a lively tempo and in which the accents are placed on the weak beats. This video is an amateur recording made in 1986 documenting people dancing the mazurka (3/8 meters) in a traditional home in central Poland to the accompaniment of the violin and a frame drum. The dance has specific elements (steps, stamps, leanings, changes of the direction of rotation, small jumps), but has never been danced to a pre-arranged choreography: the selection is up to the dancer's creativity. This was characteristic for the majority of Polish traditional dances.

Harnasie dance spectacle

Peasant ballets or operettas with ballet interludes featuring local dances appeared in Poland only in the second half of the 18th century Widowisko taneczne Harnasie choreographed by Kaya Kołodziejczyk is a contemporary example of this genre. Apart from the original Harnasie, the choreographer has drawn on Krzesany, yet making her work a contemporary dance piece. The show brings together representatives of Poland's leading contemporary dance circles, highlanders of the Podhale area, and… parkour artists, who embody the qualities of robust, free and easy highland bandits.

Slask song and Dance Ensemble

The style of dance performed by “Śląsk” (Silesia), founded in 1953, was set by its choreographer Elwira Kamińska. Her choreographies, set against a symphony-like musical background, used big groups of dancers, exaggerated characteristic elements of traditional dance (especially decorative steps and gestures), and included acrobatic elements and other movements created by the choreographer to surprise the audience.

La polonaise

Today’s student balls reference a tradition which goes back to the 18th century, and follows up on the practice of opening balls with the polonaise popular on Polish courts. What is interesting is that the choreography of the prom polonaise is increasingly often shaped by the students themselves, who perceive participating in the dance as a sign of reaching maturity, or even an honour.

Championnat de danses polonaises

At the beginning of the 20th century, popular dances perceived as national ones, started to become obsolete. In the 1960s Jadwiga Hryniewiecka came up with the interesting idea of performing them as ballroom dances. Today Poland may boast a few thousand registered dancers who compete as part of more than a dozen of tournaments. The programme includes four national dances: the krakowiak, kujawiak, mazur, and oberek. The style of the dances draws on models from the late 19th century, although differences in costume and the competitive formula prompt participants to look for new solutions within codified steps and approaches.

Tradition vivante

The latest development are "dance houses", inspired by the Hungarian táncház movement started in the early 1970s, when the Hungarian youth and intelligentsia would travel to Transylvania to take lessons in dance, music-making, and singing from local residents. In Poland the same formula was launched in 1994 by a group of folk aficionados from Warsaw and the neighbouring area. The idea behind it is to learn directly from local dance and music masters by participating in dance parties and social gatherings. A new trend is emerging now in this context, with attempts at formulating a methodology of teaching traditional dances in the unmodified form.

Tomasz Nowak a étudié la musicologie à l'Université de Varsovie (1993-1997), où il a plus tard terminé ses études de doctorat (1997-2002). Il étudie également la théorie de la danse à l’Académie de Musique Fryderyk Chopin de Varsovie (2003-2005) et la gestion de la culture (2005-2006) à l'Université de Varsovie. Professeur assistant à l'Institut de musicologie de l'Université de Varsovie, il donne des conférences à l'Université Fryderyk Chopin de musique. Il a publié quatre livres et plus de 40 articles scientifiques, principalement sur les traditions des minorités polonaises le long des frontières orientales, les traditions musicales dans les montagnes polonaises de Tatra, la culture musicale contemporaine des Balinais et des Haut-Lusaces, les sources historiques de la musique folklorique et de la danse polonaises. Tomasz Nowak est membre du Conseil international pour la musique traditionnelle, du séminaire polonais en ethnomusicologie (vice-président), de la section des musicologues de l'Union des Compositeurs Polonais (secrétaire général), du Forum polonais pour la chorégraphie (président) et de la section polonaise du Conseil International des Organisations de Festivals de Folklore et d'Art Traditionnels (expert).